– Enlarged thyroid (goiter).
– Family history of thyroid disease or thyroid cancer.
– Thyroiditis (inflammation of your thyroid gland).
– Gene mutations (changes) that cause endocrine diseases, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) or type 2B (MEN2B) syndrome.
– Low iodine intake.
– Obesity (high body mass index).
– Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer, especially during childhood.
– Exposure to radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons or a power plant acc-ident.

Doctors advise you to eat less of these foods

1. Cruciferous Vegetables

Cruciferous vegetables such as bok choy, kale, cabbage, etc. contain a lot of goitrogens – compounds that block the absorption of iodine into the thyroid gland and reduce thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Excessive consumption, especially when eaten raw, can increase the risk of goiter and thyroid tumors. However, if cooked, the enzymes in the vegetables will be broken down, helping to reduce the amount of goitrogens. Patients can still eat them but should limit them.